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List of presidents of Czechoslovakia
President of Czechoslovakia Czech: Prezident Československa Slovak: Prezident Česko-Slovenska | |
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Formation | 14 November 1918 |
First holder | Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk |
Final holder | Václav Havel |
Abolished | 20 July 1992 |
It emerged from over 40 years of Communist rule in 1990, and was the first former Eastern Bloc state to acquire the status of a developed economy. It joined the European Union in 2004. Communist rule had lasted since 1948, when the restored pre-war democratic system was overthrown in a Soviet-backed coup.
In the interwar period it became the most prosperous and politically stable state in eastern Europe. It was occupied by Nazi Germany in 1938–45 and was under Soviet domination from 1948 to 1989. On January 1, 1993, Czechoslovakia separated peacefully into two new countries, the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
The Czech Republic is a unitary parliamentary constitutional republic, in which the President is the head of state and the Prime Minister is the head of government. Since 1993, the two largest parties were the center-left Czech Social Democratic Party (ČSSD) and right-wing Civic Democratic Party (ODS).
The first president of the Czech Republic was Václav Havel. The current president is Miloš Zeman, in office since 8 March 2013. Until 2012, the president was elected by the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, for a term lasting five years.
Miloš Zeman. listen); born 28 September 1944) is a Czech politician serving as the third and current president of the Czech Republic since 8 March 2013.
Since transitioning into a democracy in 1989, joining NATO in 1999, and the European Union in 2004, the Czech Republic has gradually become a close economic partner and formal military ally of the United States , drastically improving bilateral ties in the years since through increasingly extensive cooperation in areas
Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. From the Communist coup d’état in February 1948 to the Velvet Revolution in 1989, Czechoslovakia was ruled by the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (Czech: Komunistická strana Československa, KSČ).
Tensions began to mount between Benes and Stalin over two issues. Stalin demanded that the province of Ruthenia be ceded to the USSR. Also, in the collapse of the quisling state body, the local “people’s committees” that replaced them became dominated by Communists .
Those who argue that events between 1989 and 1992 led to the dissolution point to international factors such as the breakaway of the Soviet satellite nations, the lack of unified media between the Czech and the Slovak Republics, and most importantly the actions of the political leaders of both nations like the
Most often, Czechs have a good command of English , with the second most “popular” foreign language being German and the third one Russian. French, Italian, and Spanish are not widely spoken by the locals.
The present-day Czech Republic was first populated by Celts in the 4th century B.C. The Celtic Boii tribe gave the country its Latin name = Boiohaemum (Bohemia). The Celtics were later replaced with the Germanic tribe (around 100 A.D.) and the Slavic peoples (6th century).
Economy of the Czech Republic
Statistics | |
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GDP | $242 billion (nominal, 2020 est.) $431 billion (PPP, 2020 est.) |
GDP rank | 45th (nominal, 2019) 46th (PPP, 2020) |
GDP growth | 3.2% (2018) 2.3% (2019) −6.5% (2020e) 5.1% (2021e) |
GDP per capita | $22,627 (nominal, 2020 est.) $40,293 (PPP, 2020 est.) |